Home A-Z conditions Cleidocranial Dysplasia
Also known as: Cleidocranial Dysostosis
Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a hereditary congenital (meaning it is present at birth) skeletal condition characterised by delayed closure of the cranial vault sutures, (the seams between the bones which make up the cranial vault (skull)), hypoplastic (under developed) or aplastic (absent) clavicles (collar bones) and multiple dental anomalies. It was described independently by SchItuthauer (1871) and Marie and Sainton (1897).
The most prominent clinical features are:
Other skeletal characteristics identified include:
Conductive hearing loss due to middle ear effusions (presence of fluid in the middle ear) can occur. Recurrent sinus infections are common. A tendency for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has been reported. Intelligence is normal compared to unaffected siblings.
A total of 60 to 70 per cent of individuals with a clinical diagnosis of CCD have a mutation of RUNX2, which is located on chromosome 6.
Diagnosis is based on the clinical and radiographic findings, such as typical characteristics being visible on X-ray. Genetic testing can confirm the presence of a mutation in RUNX2.
Treatment for the condition is symptomatic, meaning that the symptoms are addressed to improve an individual’s quality of life. Care should be coordinated via a paediatrician who will arrange a referral to either craniofacial or neurosurgery specialists, an ear, nose and throat (ENT) surgeon or audiological (hearing) physician. Hearing should be screened and followed up with regular assessments. A sleep study may be indicated if OSA is suspected. A referral to an orthodontist (for the management of the dental problems) before the age of six years is highly recommended.
Inheritance patternsCCD is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. A mutation of RUNX2 gene is responsible in 60 to 70 per cent of cases.
Prenatal diagnosisGenetic testing for at risk families is possible if the causative mutation is known.
If your child is affected by a medical condition or disability, we can help. Call our freephone helpline on 0808 808 3555 to get information, support and advice. We also offer emotional support for parents via our Listening Ear service.
We have a range of parent guides on aspects of caring for a disabled child in our resource library. You may also find our Early Years Support useful, which contains links to parent carer workshops and help for families going through the diagnosis process.
You can also meet other parents online in our closed Facebook group.
There is no support group specifically for cleidocranial dysostosis/dysplasia in the UK. Cross referrals to other entries in The Contact a Family Directory are intended to provide relevant support for these particular features of the disorder. Organisations identified in these entries do not provide support specifically for cleidocranial dysostosis/dysplasia.
Medical text written November 2010 by Mr Robert D Evans, Consultant Orthodontist, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK.
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